Exploring The Themes Of "An Inspector Calls": Social Responsibility, Class Conflict, And Morality

Nov 18, 2024 · 10 min read

This article delves into the key themes of J.B. Priestley's play "An Inspector Calls," focusing on social responsibility, class conflict, and morality. It examines how these themes interconnect and reflect societal issues, encouraging readers to reflect on the impact of individual actions within a community. Through an exploration of the characters and their interactions, the article highlights the moral dilemmas faced in a rapidly changing society.

Hadwin Maverick

Editorial and Creative Lead

Exploring the themes of J.B. Priestley’s play "An Inspector Calls" provides a rich ground for discussion on social responsibility, class conflict, and morality. This thought-provoking drama revolves around the Birling family, who are confronted by Inspector Goole after the mysterious suicide of a young woman named Eva Smith. The narrative unfolds in post-World War I Britain and captures the zeitgeist of the time while echoing messages that resonate even today.

Social Responsibility 🤝

One of the most significant themes in "An Inspector Calls" is social responsibility. Priestley uses the character of Inspector Goole to advocate for a collective moral obligation to one another. The Inspector’s probing questions serve to expose the characters' selfishness and their lack of regard for those less fortunate.

The Concept of Responsibility

Social responsibility is the idea that individuals and organizations have an obligation to act for the benefit of society at large. Throughout the play, the Birlings showcase an unwillingness to accept this idea. Mr. Arthur Birling, the patriarch, is adamant about his capitalist views, proclaiming that individuals should look after themselves and not concern themselves with the welfare of others. This is highlighted in his statement:

"A man has to make his own way—has to look after himself."

The Inspector’s Role

The Inspector, representing the voice of social conscience, challenges this notion. His interrogations reveal how each member of the Birling family has contributed to Eva Smith’s demise through their actions and indifference. For example, Sheila Birling’s jealousy leads her to have Eva dismissed from her job. This demonstrates how one's actions, no matter how small, can have devastating effects on others. The play’s ultimate message advocates for a more interconnected community where individuals consider the impacts of their actions on society.

Class Conflict ⚖️

Another pivotal theme in "An Inspector Calls" is class conflict. The Birlings, a wealthy family, epitomize the capitalist elite who prioritize their interests over those of the working class. The arrival of the Inspector serves as a catalyst for revealing deep-seated class divisions and the resulting moral failings.

The Upper Class vs. The Working Class

The disparity between social classes is stark in the play. The Birlings represent a privileged class that believes in their superiority and entitlement. In contrast, Eva Smith symbolizes the struggles of the working class who are subject to exploitation. This juxtaposition illustrates how social hierarchy affects individuals’ lives and decisions.

Character	Class	Impact on Eva
Mr. Arthur Birling	Upper Class	Dismisses Eva for demanding fair pay
Sheila Birling	Upper Class	Jealousy leads to Eva’s dismissal
Gerald Croft	Upper Class	Exploits Eva for his own pleasure
Eric Birling	Upper Class	Takes advantage of Eva’s vulnerability

The Inspector as a Bridge

The Inspector bridges the gap between the classes. Through him, Priestley conveys that everyone is interconnected and shares a collective responsibility. The Inspector’s final speech serves as a warning about the consequences of social division and the urgency for change.

Morality 🧭

The theme of morality is intricately woven throughout the play. Priestley explores the moral responsibilities that individuals have towards one another, especially in the context of their societal roles.

Ethical Decision-Making

Characters are often faced with ethical dilemmas that highlight their moral failings. For example, Gerald Croft’s relationship with Eva is a study in moral ambiguity. Although he provides her with temporary support, it is ultimately self-serving. His character questions the integrity of choices made in the name of love and compassion.

"I didn’t like her manner. She’d impertinently made use of our name though she pretended afterwards it just happened to be the first she thought of."

This quote from Sheila reflects the disdain the Birlings hold for those of lower status, emphasizing the moral blindness that can accompany privilege.

The Consequences of Actions

As the play progresses, the characters are forced to confront the consequences of their actions, providing a moral lesson about accountability. The final twist, where the Inspector's identity remains ambiguous, challenges the audience to reflect on their ethical beliefs and societal responsibilities.

The Play's Lasting Impact 🌍

"An Inspector Calls" continues to resonate with contemporary audiences due to its exploration of themes like social responsibility, class conflict, and morality. It serves as a reminder of the ongoing struggles for social justice and the need for moral introspection in a rapidly changing world.

A Call for Change

Priestley’s play emphasizes the importance of change and the possibility of building a more equitable society. By addressing the interconnectedness of humanity, the play implores us to reflect on our actions and consider how we might better support those around us.

"We are responsible for each other."

This fundamental message remains a crucial takeaway, urging individuals to strive for social change and uphold ethical standards in their dealings.

As we delve into the themes of "An Inspector Calls," we are reminded of the critical importance of empathy, responsibility, and moral judgment. Priestley’s work compels us to consider how we can engage with these themes in our lives, ensuring that we contribute positively to our communities.